[Health] Flu Season Is Coming: Who Should Be Prioritized for Vaccination?

According to the Shanghai Health Promotion Center, colder weather marks a period of increased alert for influenza. Flu is highly contagious, and older people, children, those with chronic conditions and pregnant women are more likely to become seriously ill if infected. Vaccination is the most effective preventive measure. This article outlines two groups recommended for priority vaccination and encourages early immunization before the winter–spring flu season.

Annual flu vaccination is the most effective and cost-effective form of prevention.

Two groups recommended for priority vaccination

The first group comprises people at higher risk of severe illness after infection. They are more susceptible to complications such as pneumonia, and flu may worsen existing medical conditions. The following four categories are recommended for priority vaccination.

• Adults aged 60 and over.

• People with one or more chronic conditions, including cardiovascular disease (excluding hypertension alone), chronic respiratory disease, liver or kidney impairment, blood disorders, neurological disease, neuromuscular dysfunction and metabolic disorders, including diabetes. This also includes people with immunosuppressive conditions or impaired immune function.

• Children aged six months to under five years.

• Pregnant women: The World Health Organization and some countries and regions recommend prioritizing pregnant women for vaccination.

The second group comprises people at greater risk of infection because of crowded environments, occupational exposure or similar factors, which increase the likelihood of catching flu or experiencing outbreaks. Vaccination helps protect both the individuals themselves and vulnerable people around them. The following four categories are prioritized.

• Healthcare workers, including those involved in clinical care, public health and quarantine services.

• Residents and staff of nursing homes, long-term care facilities, welfare institutions and other communal living settings.

• Family members and caregivers of infants under six months old.

• People in key settings such as childcare facilities, primary and secondary schools, and custodial institutions. Get vaccinated early to prepare in advance.

In China, flu generally circulates during winter and spring, with the season beginning around November. Vaccination can be given at any point during the season; there is no need to wait for a particular date. Once the recommended vaccination schedule has been completed within that season, repeat vaccination is unnecessary.

Protective antibodies usually develop two to four weeks after vaccination. Getting vaccinated early adds a layer of protection for you and your family. Flu vaccination is recommended for everyone aged six months and over who has no contraindications; priority groups should arrange it promptly.

Sources: Shanghai Health Promotion Center; Lu Xinyue, physician, and Ren Jia, associate chief physician, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention.